Precede vs. Proceed

Precede vs. Proceed Precede vs. Proceed Precede vs. Proceed By Mark Nichol Lazy pronunciation can wreak havoc on the language as word pairs like precede and proceed become confused. These similar-looking and similar-sounding terms, however, though not antonyms, face in opposite directions. The origin of the former word is the Latin term praecedere (â€Å"go before†), while the latter stems from the Latin word procedere (â€Å"go forward, advance†). Interestingly, however, the prefixes share a sense: Pre- and pro- can both mean â€Å"before,† though pro- usually signals â€Å"in favor of.† Each word is part of a family of inflections and terms based on it: One writes, for example, that a rainstorm preceded snowfall later that night, or that the preceding chapter of a book is longer than the one that follows it. Precedent refers to a situation that serves as an exemplar for others that follow. It’s employed formally in law to refer to a rule or principle that serves as a reference for judgments in cases similar to those in which the rule or principle was first set forth. Informally, laypeople refer to â€Å"establishing a precedent† for anything from a habit to a protocol. Meanwhile, a precession is a â€Å"coming before.† (In physics and astronomy, this term refers to the alteration in the orientation of a rotating body’s axis.) Inflectional forms of proceed are used to state that someone proceeded to act in some way or do something that they had not been doing previously, or that they are proceeding to do so now. The plural of the latter form is also a noun referring to the published minutes or records of an organization’s meeting. Procedure, taken directly from French and referring to a sequence for accomplishing a task, is also based on proceed. Procedural can be applied as an adjective (while procedurally is an adverb), and it stands on its own (or modified as â€Å"police procedural†) as a noun referring to genre fiction that realistically portrays how an investigation or a similar process is conducted. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:30 Synonyms for â€Å"Meeting†Round vs. AroundPrepositions to Die With

Context Clues and Literacy ESL Reading Lesson

Context Clues and Literacy ESL Reading Lesson One of the main challenges of any English reading skills class is that students tend to look up, or even insist on looking up, each word they do not understand. While this desire to understand everything is certainly laudable, it can be damaging in the long run. This is because students will begin to tire of reading if they are constantly interrupting the process to find another word in the dictionary. Of course, the use of e-readers might make this a little less bothersome. However, students need to realize that reading in English should be like reading in their own language. The use of contextual clues can be one of the best ways to improve students reading skills. Realizing that a text can be understood in a general sense by using contextual clues can go a long way towards helping students cope with increasingly difficult texts. At the same time, the use of contextual clues can also provide a means by which students can rapidly increase their existing vocabulary base. This lesson provides a number of pointers helping students identify and use context to their advantage. A worksheet is also included which helps students recognize and develop the skill of contextual understanding. Context Clues Reading Lesson Aim: Increased awareness and usage of contextual reading clues Activity: Awareness raising concerning the use of contextual clues, followed by worksheet practicing contextual reading Level: Intermediate - upper intermediate Outline Write this example sentence on the board: Tom decided that he desperately needed the glockum if he were to solve the problemAsk students what they do if they are reading an English text and do not understand a specific word.Ask students what they do if they are reading a text in their native language and do not understand a specific word.Ask students what glockum means.Once students have established that they dont know what a glockum is, ask them to guess at what it might be.Ask students what part of speech a glockum is (i.e. verb, noun, preposition etc.)Have students explain how they arrived at their guesses, which clues did they use?Explain the concept of reading in chunks i.e. looking at the text surrounding the unknown word for clues.Show them an article from an advanced level magazine (Wired, National Geographic, The Economist etc.)Ask students to identify the probable vocabulary areas that may be used in the example article.Explain the importance of activating vocabulary by fir st quickly glancing at the text to be read. This idea is very important as the brain will begin to focus on related concepts thus preparing the student for what is to be read. Point out that by using all of these clues (i.e. chunking, part of speech, logical deduction, vocabulary activation), students can arrive at a much fuller understanding of difficult texts - even if they do not understand each wordHave students divide into small groups and complete worksheet. Reading Clues Deduction - What does the sentence concern? Which words does the unknown word seem to relate to?   Part of Speech - Which part of speech is the unknown word? Is it a verb, noun, preposition, adjective, time expression or something else? Chunking - What do the words around the unknown word(s) mean? How could the unknown word(s) relate to those words? - This is basically deduction on a more local level. Vocabulary Activation - When quickly skimming through the text, what does the text seem to concern? Does the layout (design) of the text give any clues? Does the publication or type of book give any clues to what the text might be about? Which words can you think of that belong to this vocabulary category? Make logical guesses about the meaning of the unknown words in the following paragraph. Jack quickly entered the didot and cleaned the various misturaes he had been using to repair the wuipit. He had often thought that this job was extremely yullning. However, he had to admit that this time things seemed to be a bit easier. When he finished, he put on his redick and went back to the study to relax. He took out his favourite pipe and settled into the beautiful new pogtry. What a fantastic schnappy he had made when he had bought the pogtry. Only 300 yagmas! What could a didot be? What part of speech is misturaes? If Jack used the misturaes to repair the wuipit what do you think the mistraes must be? What could yulling mean? - What part of speech is often used with an ending -ing ? Which synonym could be used for yulling ? fundifficultexpensive What type of things do you put on? Based on the above question, what kind of thing must a redick be? Is a pogtry used inside or outside? Which words let you know that the pogtry was cheap? What must yagmas be? ClothesCigarette typeType of money

Illlegal Street Racing Essays

Illlegal Street Racing Essays Illlegal Street Racing Paper Illlegal Street Racing Paper Race the Strip, Not the Street. One of the fastest growing worldwide sports right now is racing. There are numerous forms of racing but Street Racing is one that is mainly performed by teenagers. Street racing originated from Drag Racing, on a quarter-mile strip. As the sport of street racing began to spread around the early ‘90s, people couldn’t really afford to go to a legal track and race, and soon enough teens began racing on public streets and highways. Street racing is an adrenaline rush to teens but most do not realize the hazards and consequences they have to face if something goes wrong. Many teenagers think it is fine to race or speed on public streets because that’s what they see in video games. Its either racing on the street and you get no damage to your car or you are running away from police. All these games greatly impact those who race the streets because they think they are invincible just like in the games where if they total their car, it restarts, or if they get stopped by police, cash or points are being taken away. Some don’t realize that street racing is a serious issue not to be thought of as a game. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration motor vehicle accidents are the leading cause of death for people between the ages of 16 and 20. (NHRA Illegal Racing Stats) Teenagers have a higher probability of death from an automobile accident, due to irresponsibility and deficiency of driving experience. Most teenage fatal accidents are a cause of teenagers under the influence of a substances or just simple reckless driving to make an impression towards their peers. â€Å"Street racing is just plain ignorant. Why would you want to put anyone elses life in danger? Its just ridiculous. (Gary Scelzi, NHRA Driver) Indeed, it is ridiculous, street racing not only puts their life in danger but as well as pedestrians, and other drivers. Before they choose to race someone on public roads they should ask themselves this, â€Å"Would I like the guilt and consequences for the death of a family I killed in an accident because I lost of control, just for the fact that that I wanted to race a friend on the freeway? † In Arizona, the law for street racing is harsh and has serious life changing consequences. Arizona’s Racing Statue 28-708) states that: A person shall not drive a vehicle or participate in any manner in a race, speed competition or contest, drag race or acceleration contest, test of physical endurance or exhibition of speed or acceleration or for the purpose of making a speed record on a street or highway. Penalties for conviction of street racing (first offense) include: Possible jail time and/or probation, a fine of around $250 or more, suspension of your license for a period of time determined by the judge, up to 90 days, and community service. A second offense within 24 months can result in a Class 6 felony: jail time-no probation, a fine around $350 or more, and revocation of your license. Racing counts as 8 points against your license. Accumulation of 8 points in one year results in Traffic Survival School, and 13 or more points can result in additional license suspension. If drag racing leads to catastrophic auto accident or fatal accident, you will be charged with a felony crime and open yourself to liability in a personal injury or wrongful death lawsuit. Cheryl A Brown, Phoenix Street Drag Racing Attorney) Nationwide statistics show that 49 people are injured for every 1,000 who participate in illegal street racing. (Illegal Racing Stats, NHRA) When racing on public streets a lot of hazards are present. These hazards consist of traffic, pedestrians and objects such as trees, numerous types of poles, walls, and signs. An accident at high speeds in this kind of environment is extremely dangerous. A Street racing accide nt causes catastrophic damage to themselves and others due to loss of control at high speeds. If a collision with an object or loss of control were to happen at high speeds there is nothing to stop them except for what is around them which generally is something harmful, such as trees, buildings and other another vehicle. A collision with another object in a public area is almost certainly fatal. The majority of outcomes of racing accidents are disastrous on both sides, drivers and victims. Illegal street racing not only takes its toll in innocent lives, but affects families for years after. Their grief is compounded by knowing that their loved one died without reason; that their death could have been prevented. (Families Against Speeding Drivers-FASD) Success of racing without losing control or colliding without some object is not always triumphant there can still be legal consequences that can affect their daily life. These legal penalties could put them in a financial loss. This financial loss can come from fines and citations they receive. Jail time is going to greatly put them in a financial loss, from paying attorneys to being able to afford to bail them out. Meanwhile in jail their employment can also be tarnished, they will lose wages from their job. In Arizona there have been numerous tragedies with teenagers street racing, one which went to local high schools. Phillip Vogel, a student from Chaparral High School passed away on May 16, 2006 from a fatal car accident. The night before he was racing a fellow student when he lost control, hit a tree and a concrete entrance of a neighborhood subdivision. Phillip was a senior and because of what he decided to do that night he never lived to see the day of his graduation. Mike Sakal, East Valley Tribune) It is very unfortunate these tragic accidents happen, but sometimes teenagers do not stop to think of the possible outcomes and risks involved in street racing. Most don’t realize the tremendous consequences and risk of death; they don’t stop to think that those could be their last moments. Yes, sometimes there are substances involved, and driving under the influence is another factor that comes into play into street racing. When driving under the influence of a substance, teenagers feel invincible, they start playing around and that is when accidents start happening. Teenagers feel that they need to prove themselves by racing some one else, but they do not realize in how much danger they are putting themselves in. They feel the need for speed and don’t stop to think. â€Å"Street Racing is always too intense to have any fun. You have to run away from the police, make sure no one cuts in front of you, that you’re not going to crash. It’s crazy. You can’t have fun worrying about so many things. At the track, these things don’t exist and you can just go fast! (ABEL IBARRA, NHRA driver of the KN Filters/Toyo Tires Mazda RX7) There are many alternatives to street racing, teenagers just have to realize how dangerous it is to race on the streets and look for a local track where they can race on the weekends for an affordable price and a safe and controlled environment. In the early 1950s, NHRA founder Wally Parks began working with law-enforcement agencies around the country to entice illegal street racers onto dry la kes and abandoned runways where more organized competition could be staged. Today, that basic initiative remains NHRAs primary mission. Given the scope of todays street racing epidemic, NHRA is even more committed to providing safer racing alternatives through thousands of legal, sanctioned events that take place on hundreds of drag strips across the United States each weekend through its Street Legal program. (NHRA STREET LEGAL DRAGS) This alternative to racing the streets because there are no worries. They don’t have to worry about police or having to worry about the dangers, such as colliding with other traffic or harmful structures. They just get inspected to insure the car is safe to race, pay a small fee and just have fun, in a safe controlled environment. At the urging of Southern California law-enforcement agencies, NHRA in 1994 began a high-profile and closely scrutinized program of events for street-legal cars and motorcycles in Southern California. Since then, thousands of potential illegal street racers throughout the country have turned to Street Legal programs at NHRA member tracks, where as many as 700 racers may attend an event. (NHRA STREET LEGAL DRAGS) Many racers have chosen to go the safe way and race the strip for a small fee. Others choose to race their streets and take a chance they say that the adrenaline rush is not the same at the track. Looking back, I know I could have benefited from a Street Legal program from the standpoint of safety for myself and others around me. You always hear about people doing dumb things on the streets at three oclock in the morning; these kinds of things just dont happen at the racetrack. (NHRA, LARRY DIXON, driver of the Miller Lite Top Fuel dragster) At the track there’s a les s significant chance that something is going to go wrong. It is so controlled and precise that the only thing that could go wrong is technical problems with the vehicle. Compared to the streets they don’t have to worry about all the dangerous factors hey just concentrate on pure racing, and have their mind set on what they have to do to win their race. Many street racing accidents can be prevented by the teenage racing community it is just a matter of them getting educated about the consequences and hardships you can suffer from an accident involved in street racing. There are also many that don’t know that possibly their local track offers events where they can race and prove themselves in a controlled and precise environment for a small fee and an inspection of their vehicle to make sure it is safe for the track. If they truly love the sport of racing they should race at the track. Not only is it going to keep them out of trouble but it is going to keep them safe and having fun racing in a carefree environment. Brown, Cheryl A. Drag Racing. Cheryl A. Brown, LLC. Attorney at Law. 2007. Cheryl A. Brown, L. L. C. 21 Dec 2007 duiaz. com/PracticeAreas/Drag-Racing. asp. Dixon, Larry. Take it from the Drivers. NHRA Street Legal Drags. 2003. National Hot Rod Association. 21 Dec 2007 nhra. com/streetlegal/drivers. html. NHRA, Illegal Racing Stats. NHRA Street Legal Drags. National Hot Rod Association. 21 Dec 2007 nhra. com/streetlegal/stats. html. NHRA, NHRA Street Legal. NHRA Street legal Drags. 2003. National Hot Rod Association. 21 Dec 2007 nhra. com/streetlegal/index. html. Ibarra, Adel. Take it from the Drivers. NHRA Street Legal Drags. 2003. National Hot Rod Association. 21 Dec 2007 nhra. com/streetlegal/drivers. html. Sakal, Mike. Street Racing Accidents. Evo Street Racers. 2006. Eas t Valley Tribune. 21 Dec 2007 http://evostreetracers. com/streetracingaccidents190. tml. Scelzi, Gary. Take it from the Drivers. NHRA Street Legal Drags. 2003. National Hot Rod Association. 21 Dec 2007 nhra. com/streetlegal/drivers. html. Unknown The Effects of Illegal Street racing on Families. Families Against Speeding Drivers. 2005. FASD (families against speeding drivers). 21 Dec 2007 fasd. info/home. cfm? dir_cat=38151. Image of Chart: NHTSA Fatal Car Accident Statistics. Fatal Car Accidents Pictures Stories. www. car-accidents. com. 21 Dec 2007 car-accidents. com/pages/fatal-accident-statistics. html.

Maximization of Shareholder Wealth Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Maximization of Shareholder Wealth - Assignment Example The ethical principles on the other hand are presented by most texts on business ethics to function independently and usually contrary to the financial objectives like maximizing the value of common stock. This is evident in most corporations where there exists a tension between the ethical and the financial ideals. For instance, Halbert and Ingulli (1990) highlight the disparity between ethics and maximization of shareholder wealth by the description of a study, which involved around two thousand MBA students. Beginning as relative idealists, they reported the desire of creating quality goods and services, to be able to serve the customers and at the same time give back to the local communities they belonged. By the graduation time, they were rather much oriented to maximizing the shareholders’ values. This disparity is also observed as the conflict of philosophies, which is there between any serious treatment of ethics and wealth maximizing. Maximization of shareholder wealth is strategies, which will ensure highest possible returns. This may even involve the strategies of laying off some of the organization’s employees to achieve this. Some activities, which are good for the society, may compromise the strategy and may be ignored in this process. The customer and the environment may also not be considered in this process that much since; the customer may not be completely comfortable with the

Leadership in The Healthcare Sector Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Leadership in The Healthcare Sector - Essay Example These codes can be viewed as a formulation of personal responsibility. The most identifiable significance being the mode of commitment that an individual possesses. In general, sense the code possesses all aspects of professional situation as both a human and a proficient member of the organization. It is obvious that an organization is formed with human aspects and for an organization to become ethical, it is important the human aspects be indulged into following the code. It is imperative that these codes of ethics would be subjective and open to individual interpretations but it should also be noted that in such incident these codes, phrases, or word of the codes would be judged upon individual approach of humane solution. (Zimmerman, 2002) In this respect of Ethics and Leadership qualities of an organization, it would be relevant to mention the emergence of Professional Care Organization (PCO, a newly established health care organization). Its very existence may be definitely seen as a paradigm shift. The clientele is the public in need of medical treatment. The organization employs a staff of 120 professionals (doctors, paramedics, assistants, nurses, health-care assistants, and maintenance staff). PCO intends to become the leading health-care services provider in its region. It also plans to alter the general conception for high medical care costs by implementing a society benefit program that will allow to significantly reducing the patients' expenditures. The modern American health industry is going through a difficult period, one characterized by new concerns about rising health costs. The major concern that had directed medicine until that time was that Americans required more medical care-more than the marketplace would offer by itself. Now, however, worries about high expenditures are replacing concerns about expanding access. The country's focus turns to the matter of redundant procedures, excessive rates of surgery and hospitalization, and repetition of facilities and equipment. The appearance indicates the growing appeal of scientific and rational approaches to social concerns, including health related questions. PCO symbolizes a way to smooth the playing field and to bring arrangement and order as well as scientific reasoning to the, at times, inefficient health care system. Analytical foundation gives society a structure for posing a range of questions related to priority-establishment. It lets the public evaluate existing al ternatives, explore hypothetical

Rhetorical Artifact Term Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Rhetorical Artifact Term Paper - Essay Example This advertisement is directed by Lauren Greenfield, a documentary photographer, filmmaker, and artist and it aims to stop the use of like a girl phrase as an insult to women. Its purpose is to empower girls at their young age to avoid self esteem deterioration and build self confidence in their puberty stage. The target audience, men, teenage girls, young boys and girls are important as it shows that the advertisement is geared towards self conscious girls who care about what girls are like. The commercial focuses on the difference of understanding of the phrase like a girl to men, teen girls, young boys and girls. The young girls under ten do not see this phrase as an insult since they have not been exposed to stereotypes and sexism that surrounds women. One little girl even says â€Å"I do not know if it is good or bad but it sounds like a bad thing, like you are trying to humiliate someone.† The advertisement is an artefact, a cultural product in itself. This advertisement concentrates on one of the things that almost everyone has undergone; You throw like a girl or you run like girl! These words were thrown at us by classmates or even parents to their children. In this advertisement strong emotional appeals are used to empower girls to show them by showing that this phrase is not negative but instead show them how it is amazing to be a girl; strong tough and passionate. Since Always produces menstrual products for girls and young women their primary message is directed to this group of audience. By showing young women in their ad, and younger girls they have made the advertisement relatable to the audience. It is easy to imagine oneself , friend, daughter, or sister in the same position as the girls in the advertisement video. This advertisement is aimed at marketing towards the parents of the young girls since they are interested in their daughters’ happiness, seeing then self confident and

Renewable Energy Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Renewable Energy - Research Paper Example This has led to establishment of measures to switch to renewable energy sources like wind and photovoltaic electricity. These renewable sources are clean and also maintainable considering that they do not emit gases or toxic that can pollute the environment. Some sources like wind are plentiful, easily affordable, require less maintenance and cannot get exhausted. These renewable sources can be established in rural areas and therefore this encourages establishment of industries in those areas. Wind energy convertors have a strong inbuilt framework that enable them to convert the free moving air which has kinetic energy to rotational movement whereby then it can make the generator to start working-mechanical energy (David, 2009). This is through the friction of the rotating wind and the wind turbine blades. However, before any electricity is generated there are stages that are involved. The first stage is the stage of revolution. In this stage, the blades are made with certain dimensions to help harness as much free moving air as possible. They should be able to rotate easily and should have a considerable length of about forty meters. They should also be placed in certain degrees depending on the direction of the wind. The blades are able to rotate because of the two main forces that are involved. The first one is the drag force which is horizontal to the wind direction and the lift force which is vertical to the direction of wind (David, 2009). These forces depend on the shape of the rotating blades and the angle in which the wind meets the blade. Either of these blades can be used to propel the blade. It is important to note most of the Wind Energy Converts depend mainly on the lift force. All this is illustrated in the diagrams below. The blades rotate on a rotor which is connected to the shaft. The rotor then makes the generator to convert the waves to electricity. This stage is referred to as the mechanical stage. The wind turbine should be